Guarding Against Cervical Cancer: The Role of HPV Vaccination and Early Detection

Verified By Dr. Neelam Benara | 31-Jan-2024

The majority of cervical cancers are associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection. The widespread administration of HPV vaccines holds the potential to significantly mitigate the prevalence of HPV-induced cervical cancers on a global scale. These vaccines function by preventing the infection caused by specific strains of the human papillomavirus. Presently available HPV vaccines offer protection against either two, four, or nine distinct types of HPV. Notably, all variants of HPV vaccines provide immunity against at least HPV types 16 and 18, known to pose the highest risk for the development of cervical cancer.

Table of Content

• What is Cervical Cancer?
• Cervical Cancer Symptoms
• Prevention Against Cervical Cancer & Role of HPV Vaccination
• Age for HPV Vaccination in India

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is most commonly caused by persistent infection with high-risk strains of HPV, a sexually transmitted virus. “The cervix plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system, and abnormalities or cancer in this area can have severe consequences,” says Gynecologist at Kailash Hospital.

Cervical Cancer Symptoms

Understanding the symptoms of cervical cancer is vital for early detection and effective treatment. Common symptoms include:

1. Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: One of the earliest signs of cervical cancer is abnormal bleeding, which may occur between menstrual periods, after sexual intercourse, or after menopause.
2. Pelvic Pain: Persistent pelvic pain or discomfort can be a symptom of advanced cervical cancer, as the disease progresses.
3. Unusual Discharge: Unexplained changes in vaginal discharge, such as an increase in volume, odor, or color, can be indicative of cervical abnormalities.
4. Pain During Intercourse: Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse may signal cervical issues, including cancer.
5. Weight Loss and Fatigue: Advanced stages of cervical cancer may lead to weight loss and fatigue as the cancer spreads and affects overall health.

Prevention Against Cervical Cancer & Role of HPV Vaccination

Cervical cancer is not just treatable but preventable. After all, our health is our greatest wealth, and with the right and proactive approach, we can guard our health against diseases like Cervical Cancer.
Given the significant link between HPV and cervical cancer, vaccination against this virus has become a crucial preventive measure. The HPV vaccine, available for both males and females, provides protection against several high-risk strains of the virus, including those responsible for most cases of cervical cancer.

The vaccine is typically administered in two or three doses, depending on the age at which it is initiated. It is recommended for adolescents before they become sexually active to ensure maximum effectiveness. However, it can also benefit individuals who have already been sexually active, as the vaccine provides protection against strains of HPV they may not have encountered. But, consulting a doctor is also equally important before receiving the vaccine.

More than 90% of cervical cancer cases are entwined with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). A mere shot has the potential to shield us from the second most common cancer among Indian women. The remarkable fact is that this preventive measure extends beyond females, with boys and girls advised to start their HPV vaccination journey as early as nine.

Age for HPV Vaccination in India:

Diving into the specifics, the age for HPV vaccination in India is a crucial aspect to understand. Females as young as nine are eligible for this shield, as well as those aged 13-26 who haven't completed the vaccination cycle. Hon’ble Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, during her 2024-25 interim budget speech, underscored the government's encouragement for girls aged 9 to 14 to embrace this shield against cervical cancer.

Age 9-14: 2 doses of HPV vaccine, 0 and 6-12 months
Age 15-26: 3 doses of HPV vaccine, 0, 1-2, and 6 months
Age 21-26 (Male): 3-dose regimen
Age 27-45: FDA-approved but not routinely recommended

However, a wise journey always includes consulting a doctor before embarking on any health-related decision. Seeking personalized advice ensures that the vaccination journey aligns with individual health needs and considerations.

If you have any query related to Cervical Cancer or HPV Vaccine, you can consult with our Gynecologist at Kailash Hospital. For any inquiry, visit www.kailashhealthcare.com